Solidity 支持条件语句 if、else if 和 else。

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

contract IfElse {
    function foo(uint x) public pure returns (uint) {
        if (x < 10) {
            return 0;
        } else if (x < 20) {
            return 1;
        } else {
            return 2;
        }
    }

    function ternary(uint _x) public pure returns (uint) {
        // if (_x < 10) {
        //     return 1;
        // }
        // return 2;

        // shorthand way to write if / else statement
        // the "?" operator is called the ternary operator
        return _x < 10 ? 1 : 2;
    }
}

Solidity 支持 for、while 和 do while 循环。 不要编写无界循环，因为这可能会达到 gas 限制，从而导致您的交易失败。 由于上述原因，很少使用 while 和 do while 循环。

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

contract Loop {
    function loop() public {
        // for loop
        for (uint i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            if (i == 3) {
                // Skip to next iteration with continue
                continue;
            }
            if (i == 5) {
                // Exit loop with break
                break;
            }
        }

        // while loop
        uint j;
        while (j < 10) {
            j++;
        }
    }
}

while不能编译，语法看看即可

映射是使用语法映射（keyType => valueType）创建的。 keyType 可以是任何内置值类型、字节、字符串或任何协定。 valueType 可以是任何类型，包括另一个映射或数组。 映射是不可迭代的。

Maps are created with the syntax 

mapping(keyType =&gt; valueType)
.

The 

keyType
can be any built-in value type, bytes, string, or any contract.

valueType
can be any type including another mapping or an array.

Mappings are not iterable.

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

contract Mapping {
    // Mapping from address to uint
    mapping(address => uint) public myMap;

    function get(address _addr) public view returns (uint) {
        // Mapping always returns a value.
        // If the value was never set, it will return the default value.
        return myMap[_addr];
    }

    function set(address _addr, uint _i) public {
        // Update the value at this address
        myMap[_addr] = _i;
    }

    function remove(address _addr) public {
        // Reset the value to the default value.
        delete myMap[_addr];
    }
}

contract NestedMapping {
    // Nested mapping (mapping from address to another mapping)
    mapping(address => mapping(uint => bool)) public nested;

    function get(address _addr1, uint _i) public view returns (bool) {
        // You can get values from a nested mapping
        // even when it is not initialized
        return nested[_addr1][_i];
    }

    function set(
        address _addr1,
        uint _i,
        bool _boo
    ) public {
        nested[_addr1][_i] = _boo;
    }

    function remove(address _addr1, uint _i) public {
        delete nested[_addr1][_i];
    }
}